Background information
CRTAP is a secreted protein localizing to the extracellular space that plays a role in collagen post-translational modifications, extracellular fibril assembly and intracellular trafficking. CRTAP is widely expressed with predominant expression in articular chondrocytes. It contains a signal peptide and a tetratricopeptide-like helical domain and is essential for normal bone formation. In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), CRTAP forms a complex with Gros1 and CyPB (cyclophilin B) and is required for the efficient 3-hydroxylation of target prolyl residues in Collagen Type I molecules, the major structural proteins of skin and bone. Mutations in the gene encoding CRTAP can lead to autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type 7 and type 2B. OI, also known as brittle bone disease, is characterized by bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures. OI type 7 is a mild form of this disorder, while OI type 2B is a neonatal lethal condition.
