Background information
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are members of a large family of zinc metalloenzymes responsible for catalyzing the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. CAs show extensive diversity in their distribution and subcellular localization. They are involved in a variety of biological processes, including calcification, bone resorption, respiration, acid-base balance and the formation of aqueous humor, saliva, gastric juice and cerebrospinal fluid. CA X also referred to as Carbonic anhydrase-related protein X (CA-RP X) or Cerebral protein 15, is a member of the carbonic anhydrase family that lacks two of the three Zn-binding motifs essential for carbonic anhydrase activity. For this reason, CA X does not exhibit catalytic activity. It is expressed primarily in brain and kidney and may play a role in brain development.