Background of the antigen
CD45 is a family of single chain transmembraneous glycoproteins consisting of at least four isoforms (220, 205, 190, 180 kDa) which share a common large intracellular domain. Their extracellular domains are heavily glycosylated. The different isoforms are produced by alternative messenger RNA splicing of three exons of a single gene on chromosome 1. CD45 is expressed on cells of the human hematopoietic lineage (including hematopoietic stem cells) with the exception of mature red cells. It is not detected on differentiated cells of other tissues. It is likely that CD45 plays an important role in signal transduction, inhibition or upregulation of various immunological functions. recognising a common epitope on all of the isoforms are termed CD45 whilst those recognising only individual isoforms are termed CD45RA or CD45RO etc.
